buy custom Archeology and the Public essay

purchase custom Archeology and the Public paper The Meaning of the Past: The archaic exploration and Identity Antiques of the past frequently fill in as a reason for the national images; such a condition some of the time prompts clashes. The utilization of the name and image of brilliant coffin by the authorities of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia caused pressure between the Macedonians and Greeks. Belief system regularly meddles with the understanding of the past: for example, the Chinese government speaks to the social relics as an impression of the class battle. The Politics of Destruction In December 1992, Hindu radicals pulverized the Babri Masjid worked in the sixteenth century AD in northern India. In March 2001 in Afghanistan, the Talibans destroyed the tallest sculptures of Buddha on the planet alongside numerous articles in the National Museum in Kabul. Archeological Ethics There is a prevalent view that human experience ought to be the subject of an archeological examination. The contrary standard has prompted the reburial of human stays moving forward without any more examination out of regard to the dead precursors. Famous Archeology versus Pseudoarcheology The disclosure of the Piltdown Man in the mid 1990s and the distribution of the book Atlantis, the Antediluvian World by Ignatius Donnelly in 1882 are instances of alternatve understanding of the past. In 2000, the Japanese paleontologist Shinichi Fujimura conceded having faked exhumed relics at 42 destinations. For the further flourishing of paleontology, the handy advancement is required in the types of displays, books, broad communications and the Internet: for example, Japan gives quick introduction of the discoveries. Who Owns the Past? Greece requests the arrival of the marble models from the Parthenon showed in the British Museum. The exhibition halls from different states, for example, Germany, France and the USA, got the petitions about restoring the relics to the nations of their birthplace. Strict convictions of the antiquated Egyptians and Chinese, Greeks, Etruscans and Romans disallowed the unsettling influence of the dead. The selection of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act in 1990 gave the lawful grounds to shielding the ancient rarities from exhuming. In 2002, the Army Corps of Engineers lost the fight in court and neglected to hand the remaining parts of Kennewick Man to the Native American Umatilla Tribe. The Australian Archeological Association chose to return more than 800 skeleton remains and the entombments from Kow Swamp to the Aborigines for reburial. The Responsibility of Collectors and Museums The Italian looter, Luigi Perticaraari, distributed his journals in 1986 and conceded having burglarized 4,000 Etruscan burial chambers in 30 years. The Peruvian paleontologist, Walter Alva, made a critical commitment to the salvage of the burial places of the Moche human advancement, which were uncovered in Northwest Peru in the late 1980s. In 1973, the Mimbres Foundation chose to buy some enduring locales and save them so as to spare them from plundering. The Metropolitan Museum of Art displayed the assortment of Shelby White and Leon Levy of obscure cause in 1990. In 1994, the Getty Museum showed crafted by Barbara and Lawrence Fleischman that included illicitly gained ancient pieces. The Metropolitan Museum of Art needed to restore the old fashioned perfect work of art, the Euphronios Vase, to the Italian government because of the nonattendance of data about its provenience. The United Kingdom Parliament pronounced managing in the illicitly exhumed antiquities as a criminal offense by supporting the Dealing in Cultural Objects (Offenses) Act in 2003. In June 2003, the U. S. Court of Appeals indicted the ancient pieces vendor Frederick Shultz for offering the taken Egyptian relics to the U. S. galleries. Different instances of unlawfully got ancient rarities incorporate the Weary Heracles, the Sevso Treasure, the Getty Affair, the Salisbury Hoard, and the UCL Aramaic Incantation Bowls. Purchase custom Archeology and the Public exposition

Religion and Ethnic Diversity Free Essays

Religion is something that numerous individuals around the globe practice. There are a wide range of kinds of religion and every religion have their own convictions and practices. I needed to study Jehovah’s Witnesses; this is a religion that I am new to. We will compose a custom paper test on Religion and Ethnic Diversity or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Jehovah’s Witnesses believe themselves to be Christian, they base their practices and convictions on their own interpretation and significance of the Bible (Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania, 2013). Jehovah’s Witnesses call themselves this on the grounds that God’s name is Jehovah; they feel it is just option to call him by his name. An observer is an individual who broadcasts perspectives or realities of which he is persuaded; consequently Jehovah’s Witnesses assigns them as a gathering of Christians who announce reality with regards to Jehovah. Jehovah Witnesses have altogether different convictions than others who view themselves as Christians. Jehovah Witnesses don't commend certain occasions; Christmas and Easter are two of the most widely recognized occasions celebrated by different strict gatherings who view themselves as Christians. As indicated by Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania (2013), Jesus Christ instructed that we recognize his passing, not his restoration or his introduction to the world. They additionally accept that there is no record of when Jesus was conceived and that Christmas was gotten from Pagan religion and convention and embraced by different religions (Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania, 2013). Easter is to be viewed as a vacation not of God, and that by different Christians observing Easter they are insulting God. As per Jehovah Witnesses convictions Easter has to do with antiquated fruitfulness customs and the love of the Sun and all the new life it can bring religions (Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania, 2013). As indicated by numerous religions including Christianity, the Cross is a widespread image used to recognize their confidence and Christianity. Jehovah’s witnesses accept this doesn't represent a person’s confidence or unwaveringness to God at the same time, the cross is just a made thing and that you can just show your affection for God through benevolent love, and that is simply the main genuine approach to distinguish as a supporter of God. Jehovah’s Witnesses don't have indistinguishable convictions from different religions that view themselves as Christian nonetheless, they don't slight different religions, and rather they attempt to teach individuals about their religion and convictions wanting to show others what they accept the right method to follow God and his ways. Jehovah’s Witnesses that are absolved in this religion are required to adhere to the guidelines and convictions and in the event that they stray from those convictions they could be avoided or disrespected from the religion and its adherents. Jehovah’s Witnesses guarantee that all ministers and pioneers of the assemblage are on the whole volunteers and any funds come out of their own pockets. Jehovah Witnesses accept that different religions see them as a clique or a gathering split away from a religion. They see themselves as a strict gathering restoring the type of Christianity that was framed in the primary century. They are exceptionally resolved that their lessons get from the Bible itself and no one individual (Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania, 2013). Jehovah’s Witnesses have added to American culture in a couple various ways, one being through calamity alleviation. Their help with catastrophe alleviation has helped both those of their religion and those not of their religion be that as it may, they deal with those inside their confidence/religion first. Jehovah’s Witnesses additionally assumed a major job in strict opportunities. For instance, kids saluting the banner in the study hall; Jehovah’s Witnesses carried a case to the Supreme Court expressing that it disregarded First Amendment Rights (Burroughs, 2008-2013). Another way that Jehovah’s Witnesses has added to American culture is through the clinical field. Jehovah Witnesses can't acknowledge blood transfusions, so a Pennsylvania medical clinics discovered approaches to offer bloodless medical procedures and methods to Jehovah’s Witnesses; they have been doing this for more than fifteen years. It is a direct result of this and all the redesigned and developing innovation that clinics can offer bloodless medical procedures to general society too (Burroughs, 2008-2013). I have taken in a lot by exploring and assembling data about Jehovah’s Witnesses. I understand that individuals that follow this religion are simply rehearsing what they have faith in and how they see the way that their God needs them to live their lives. I may not concur with a portion of their convictions or practices in any case, it isn't my religion and I regard their choices to follow their confidence how they pick. Hispanics and Latinos make up a huge segment of America today. As indicated by the United States Census Bureau, in the year 2010, sixteen percent of all Americans were of Hispanic or Latino tolerable (Ennis, Rios-Vargas, Albert, 2011), so this race/ethnicity is unquestionably adding to American culture and lifestyle. Legacy has a similar significance regardless of what your race or ethnicity; legacy alludes to the traditions and customs that are passed on from age to age. Hispanics and Latinos communicate in a language called Spanish, not all do but rather, lion's share realize how to talk, peruse and write in Spanish. Hispanics and Latinos are known for some most great tasting nourishments, this is a piece of their legacy. Their food is known for its hearty flavors and for being zesty. Normal nourishments that Hispanics and Latinos are known for are dishes like; moles (articulated moh-lay), tamales, tortillas and carna asada to give some examples. In contrast to different races or ethnicities, Hispanic and Latinos are known for their intricate festivals. They like to praise significant life occasions, and they do so exquisitely with brilliant hues, music and moving. It is extremely regular at Hispanic/Latino festival to see Mariachi’s; these are artists and performers playing Mexican old stories music and having artists in local brilliant beautiful dresses. It truly is very delightful to see and hear. Different things that Hispanics and Latinos have brought to American culture are things like specialties, for example, earthenware pots or grower and models and furthermore pinatas, a paper mache improvement that hold confections and toys. Hispanics and Latinos have added a such a great amount to American culture with their conventions as well as with their strict convictions. Hispanics and Latinos are strict, lion's share the religion of Catholic. The principle festivities of Hispanic religion are: Lent called, Cuaresma; Holy Week called, Semana Santa; Christmas called, La Navidad; Three Kings Day or Los Tres Reyes Magos. A few Americans and different races/ethnicities share and commend these occasions too. Hispanics and Latinos have had a troublesome street with relocation to American. They regularly stumble into troubles concerning segregation and bias. Numerous Americans accept that Hispanics and Latinos have removed employments and that they have looked for American government help that ought to be just accessible to American residents. Still today Hispanics and Latinos suffer segregation and partiality. Some segregate or are bias against them due to their skin shading, the language they talk and in light of the fact that they have enormous families. Different reasons they are oppressed them is through business, some vibe it is alright to pay Hispanics or Latinos littler wages; particularly in the event that they are in the nation unlawfully, individuals corrupt them and pay them little measures of cash for work/work. The most effective method to refer to Religion and Ethnic Diversity, Papers

Smallville and its popularity :: essays research papers fc

Smallville versus other Superman arrangement      Man, all through the ages, has looked to the stars with extraordinary delight and interest. Wondrous stories are conceived of these mystical, flashing specs in the sky. Accounts of catastrophe, enchantment and bravery. These accounts engage and the sky is the limit from there, they give us trust. A story of the stars like no other is the one of Superman, defender of planet Earth.      As said by the Superman stories, Clark Kent was found by Martha and Jonathan Kent not long after a meteor shower hit the town of Smallville. Martha demanded keeping the little fellow and bringing him into their family. Clark experienced childhood with a homestead assisting with errands and being cherished by his human mother and father. The main contrast with Clark’s childhood was that in the funnies, he was only an infant when found by the Kents. In â€Å"Smallville† he was a kid around 6 years old when he was found.      This very scene I talk about has been played again and again in TV other than the WB hit, â€Å"Smallville† (Kal-El). For instance:      â€Å"In the 1990's animation Pinky and the Brain, The Brain finds Superman's rocket boat and attempts to raise Clark himself, with Pinky. Luckily, the super child ends up being a lot for the Brain, as changing diapers requires an oxygen suit, and the little child of steel utilizes his warmth vision to impact the guinea pig. Infant Clark advances back to the field where he landed and where the Kents find him.† (Kal-El)  â â â â The most popular variant of this scene is appeared in the Superman Movie with Glenn Ford playing Jonathan Kent and Phyllis Thaxter playing Martha Kent (Smallville). In this form the Kents discover Clark and he shows his forces immediately as opposed to exhibiting them over his high school years like in the â€Å"Smallville† arrangement.      It was so savvy for somebody to respond to everyone’s inquiries with respect to how Clark grew up by giving them the fantastic view to Clark’s high school years. Particularly since in some other form of Superman all we was aware of was the point at which he was found and when he was â€Å"Superman†.      Martha and Jonathan Kent have changed in the accounts also. The entirety of the Superman stories have the Kents as an older couple in their sixties (Superboy). The 1978 film variant shows the Kents more seasoned thus does the Lois and Clark TV arrangement.

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 57

Workmanship - Essay Example The dim works of art shows the dim minutes that were being competent around then. The craftsman attempted to draw out the genuine circumstance in his general public. The image shows the state of affairs of the time in Honduras . This was the period that the slaughter occurred thus the craftsman has attempted to portray the genuine circumstance of how the pioneer was easily sited while the country was at war. The image catches the generous essentialness that the work of art appears. By means of solid and cement sound-related and visual pictures and through the solid estimated cadence, it uncovers that circumstance was more awful but then pioneers were not in charge of it. th picture is unexpected to the genuine circumstance as the pioneer should to be quiet at such a disturbing war circumstance. The image can be portrayed mage that centers around an artistic creation of fighting where a network or town takes an interest in a forceful way. . The image uses sound to word imitation to attempt to cause the work of art to show up genuine. It tends to be concluded that the irritating sounds in the canvases can be utilized to help portray the brutal part of the circumstance as further as supported by the hues. The image was proposed to show crucial points in time and records of occasions and subtleties of the history people’s life during that time. It plans to conceal all the more light on the artwork by indicating that individuals save their expectation and delineate assurance to drive forward hard conditions. That is the message that is contained in this painting as introduced by the painter. Through the work, it is anything but difficult to learn and see increasingly about war life of that period and the individuals who possessed it.. The painter had in his brain an ethical inclination in that desire, outrage and avarices are strikingly found in the artistic creation. All the more in this way, the image uncovers the painters aim of drawing out the message that regardless of having pioneers, the circumstance was needing. This image can't comprehend bolster its subjects without alluding to the craftsmanship in light of the fact that the topic

Adapting to a new enviroment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Adjusting to another enviroment - Essay Example Being in the prosperous center east of Asia, Kuwait is definitely not a poor nation. In urban areas there is acceptable foundation and offices and living there isn't living like wanderers in some regressive desert. In any case, when I moved to Irvine, I came to realize that in spite of the fact that I was not living like a wanderer in a desert yet at the same time it was an altogether different spot. I was utilized to that spot and it appeared to be regular and agreeable and I never needed to do anything exceptional to change in my companions. I simply moved along normally. Moving to America was something else. I needed to modify in another condition, the climate was outsider, and the individuals were not the individuals that I had been living with. The primary thing that I felt severely in a need of when I moved to America was companions. What's more, causing companions in an alternate nation with individuals who to have an alternate culture isn't simple. What's more, the best hindrance in that is language. It is exceptionally hard to be companions with individuals who don't talk like you. Be that as it may, gradually I began conquering my timidity and discovered that the best way to do it is to break ice and put a stage forward. Essentially modifying in an extremely new condition and routine was a difficult errand. Concentrating here dislike concentrating back in Kuwait. I needed to modify a ton while dealing with my investigations with the new techniques and plans of studies. Additionally having a place with an alternate culture we used to have various diversions and interests however here I needed to somewhat change my preference for different things to live with the new individuals and my new companions. I needed to change with new places, courses and markets that were new and it required some investment to totally settle here easily. Aside from the down to earth viewpoints referenced above, what helped me most in adjusting to this new place and condition was my adaptability. Alteration in another culture likewise requires a great deal of bargain and adaptability. You

The best of English, the worst of English

The best of English, the worst of English Hello, everyone! Its been awhile. How are you? This semester Ive been running around campus, and it looks a little bit like this. You may know the feeling: head down, tiny legs running faster than you thought they could to get out of the rain/cold/slush the weather decided to bestow upon us that day. Maybe a casual face-plant, or two. Although everything seems to be a dash for the finish line, I wanted to take a moment to slow down and appreciate my major. This semester is the first semester that Ive only had one English class. Most of my time is spent working at the Admissions Office, The Daily Illini, and at a startup, but last year I was taking three English classes a semester and I absolutely  loved  it. Sure, there can be a lot of papers (and by that I mean around 30 pages per class, per semester) but English classes provide you with something that a lot of other classes dont: connection. My classes vary in size, but every discussion session is about 15 people. Thats only  15 people, with their own respective majors, interests, ideas, hobbies, and opinions. And you get to know them, I promise. We are a relatively tight-knit group. When you put 15 people into a room all semester and just tell them to talk about books, its an experience that you wont get anywhere else. I dont think that even book clubs usually achieve this level of discussion (but that may have to do with the readings not being mandatory). Either way, its something to appreciate more as I transition from my major classes to my minor classes, which are a lot of large lectures. There are so many English courses to take, with so many topics available its sometimes hard to decide. Ive taken pre-18th century, post-18th century, medieval bodies, Shakespeare, Romantic literature, American literature, heroism and national identities (a comic book class), 19th century womens writers, and slew of other courses. Ive learned that, while it is amazing to be able to read all of the books I actually want to read (that youd probably never imagine reading for course material) its whats beyond that that matters. My backpack, sometimes. English forces you to look at things differently, survey a situation from all angles, and make an argument based off of your observations. Its difficult to convey your thoughts sometimes, and get them across to a large community of peopleâ€"often how its difficult to pitch a new idea to a boardroomâ€"but it provides you with that essential skill of written communication. Granted, it can be extremely difficult to churn out a 10-page paper in a couple weeks. The frustration of starting it is what gets me the most. But being able to demonstrate your thought process,   clearly explain what you want to say in a concise manner and actually have people understand it, thats rewarding. To some in the business world, its invaluable. Overall, its easy to say that I love my major, and my classes. But its nice to take the time to sit down and think about everything Ive accomplished so far in my years at the university. Its a lot more than reading books, and with my major Im confident that I can find my fit in a number of different fields. Just remember, no matter what your major, to pursue what makes you happy. If you ever have any questions about English majors, classes, or school in general, feel free to comment below. Alexandra Class of 2019 I'm an English major in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. I'm also minoring in Business. May my blogs help you with your searches toward finding what you love.

Reapplying to Medical School and Succeeding

This interview is the latest in an Accepted.com blog series featuring  interviews with medical school applicants and students, offering readers a behind-the-scenes look at  top medical schools and the med school application process. And now, introducing Morgan Day†¦ Accepted: Wed like to get to know you! Where are you from? Where and what did you study as an undergrad? Morgan: I’m from sunny Phoenix, Arizona. I went to Arizona State University for my undergrad (Go Devils!). I graduated in 2011 with a bachelor’s in English Literature and a minor in biology. I then took a semester off to study for the MCAT before attending a postbac program at Midwestern University, Glendale campus. I graduated from that program in May of 2013 with a Masters of Arts in Biomedical Sciences and started medical school that fall. Accepted: Can you share three fun facts about yourself? Morgan: †¢ I love being outdoors. I grew up hiking and camping with my family. Whenever I’m feeling really stressed, I make time to spend the day hiking or just being outside. †¢ I love movies and, as far as I’m concerned, almost anything Quentin Tarantino does is pure cinematic gold. †¢ I’m an avid reader and am currently reading Moby Dick. Accepted: Where and what year are you in med school? Morgan: I am a third year medical student and am half way through my first year of clinical rotations. Im in a DO program and I go to school in the Northeast.   Accepted: What is your favorite thing about that program? Is there anything you’d change? Morgan: My school offers several different learning pathways. I chose the problem based learning (PBL) pathway. Instead of spending all day every day in lectures, we would meet for two hours several times a week and work through cases. From those cases we would pick relevant readings from our required textbooks and that was the material we were responsible for on our block exams. It catered well to my learning style because I tend to zone out during lectures. It was great because apart from our other required classes and PBL meeting times, my time was pretty much my own and I could learn things at my own pace. The downside to this style of learning is that we didn’t have a ton of guidance. Instead of setting our own learning objectives, it would have been nice to have established objectives for each block, and that’s the one thing I would have changed. Accepted: Looking back at the application process, what would you say was your greatest challenge? How would you advise other applicants who may be experiencing similar challenges? Morgan: My greatest challenge as an applicant was my lower GPA and MCAT scores. Both were pretty average and it was sometimes hard to stand out among the crowd. I knew early on in undergrad that I was going to have to bulk up the extracurricular portion of my application, so I got involved in different things that interested me while I was at ASU. I did research in an animal behavior lab for two years. I also participated in an organization that took trips to provide medical care in Honduras each summer, traveling there myself twice. And I volunteered locally at a food bank at least once a month all through college. Accepted: Can you talk more about overcoming a low MCAT score? Morgan: My MCAT was within two standard deviations for the year that I took it (back in 2012!), but it was on the lower end of the curve. As far as prepping for the MCAT goes, my best piece of advice is to plan your schedule and give yourself plenty of time to study. I, like many of my med school classmates, took the MCAT twice. But the first time I took it I tried to study for the MCAT while I was taking a very heavy course load my second-to-last semester of undergrad. Looking back, there was no way I was going to get my best score simply because I didn’t prepare myself to be successful scheduling wise. So when I retook it, I was selfish with my time and stuck to a strict study schedule. By preparing this way, I ensured that when I retook the exam, I got the highest score that I could. For potential applicants that may be scared of applying because they’re worried their stats aren’t good enough, the first thing I’d say is breathe. 🙂 You are not alone. Applying to medical school is intimidating. But most people that apply aren’t perfect applicants, including myself. So if you know that your stats aren’t your strongest point, you’ll need shine in other ways and supplement your application with extracurricular activities. This doesn’t mean that you should do a dozen things once or twice just so you can list them on your CV. Rather, find a couple of meaningful projects (volunteer, research, medical mission organizations, etc.) and commit your time to those activities. Not only will this reinforce your commitment to community service, something that all schools are starting to weight more heavily, it will also allow the admissions committee to see what you’re passionate about. Plus, it will give you talkin g points on your interview in addition to broadening your own experiences. And ironically, the things I felt I â€Å"had to do† to get into medical school, ended up being some of my greatest experiences while I was in college and where I met some of my closest friends. Accepted: Can you tell us about your blog? What have you gained or learned from blogging about your experiences? Morgan: I started my blog, Heart Work, during the middle of my first year of medical school. It was initially a way for my family back home to keep tabs on me, but I’ve gained a lot from it as well. I have always enjoyed writing and I find writing about my experiences in medical school, and also everyday life, to be very cathartic. Not only that, but I think it is very beneficial to reflect back on situations, especially some of the intense ones I’m involved in as a student. Studies looking at physician burn out and compassionate patient care have shown that most medical students start becoming jaded and less compassionate in their third year of medical school, and it kind of makes sense. It’s the first time we are really dumped into a clinical situation and for whatever reason, when that happens, students start to disconnect from the humanistic aspect of medicine. I’ve found that by reflecting back on patients whose care I’ve been involved in, I can review my actions – the things I think I did well, and the things I can improve on, specifically from a patient care perspective. So, what began as me writing something only my mom and some other close friends would read, has evolved into an outlet that helps me to remain closely connected with the humanistic side of medicine. I hope that this will assist me in practicing compassionate, patient-centered medicine when I’m a physician. I also hope the stories I share are encouraging, and sometimes comical, in addition to shedding some light on what the path to becoming a doctor entails. You can follow Morgans med school adventure by checking out her blog, Heart Work. Thank you Morgan for sharing your story with us! For one-on-one guidance on your med school applications, please see our catalog of med school admissions services. Do you want to be featured in Accepted blog, Accepted Admissions Blog? If you want to share your med school journey with the world (or at least with our readers), email us at bloggers@accepted.com. Related Resources: †¢Ã‚  Medical School Reapplicant Advice: 6 Tips for Success †¢Ã‚  Advice from A Med School Admissions Director †¢Ã‚  Tips For Applicants With A Low MCAT Score

Tesla s Executive Compensation Policy - 1700 Words

Valjdrin Fejza Professor Gregory A. Carnes Accy 657 â€Å"Tesla’s Executive Compensation Policy†Ã‚ ¬ Edward E. Lalwer, a major contributor to theory, research, and practice in the fields of human resources management, compensation, organizational development, and organizational effectiveness, states an effective compensation system will support an organization s overall strategy as executive s impact many areas. Executive compensation is a business expense that should be reasonable and competitive because money spent on compensation is not available for other corporate projects or firm projects. This paper will analyze the executive compensation policies for Tesla Motors, Inc. (â€Å"Tesla†) and will analyze: (1) How the policies meet the†¦show more content†¦Long-term is generally considered to be five or more years for mature companies and three years for other companies (Tesla would most likely fall under other companies.) CIIG section 5.1 further states an executive pay should be reasonable with respect to the company performance, industry considerations, risk considerations and compensation to other employees. As mentioned above, on August 1, 2012, Elon Musk was awarded options to buy nearly 5.3 million shares of Tesla stock at $31.17 each. CEO Grant provided in 2012 is over a ten years period and if any vesting tranches remain unvested after expiration they will be forfeited. The grant requires certain market capitalization and operational milestones. In 2013 and 2014, Mr. Musk did not receive any additional equity compensation except in respect of certain awards granted during 2013 pursuant to a patent incentive program that was available to employees generally. The Annual Proxy Statement for 2015 states the options provided to Elon Musk provided a motivation to promote corporate objectives and is structured to reward easily measured performance goals that closely align the executive officers’ incentives with the long-term interests of stockholders. CII s Corporate Governance (CIICG) section 5.2 advises all companies should provide annual advisory shareowner votes on compensation of senior executives. Section 5.4 requires shareowner approval of equity-based compensation plansShow MoreRelatedTesla Motors, Inc.3024 Words   |  13 Pages1. INTRODUCTION TO TESLA Tesla Motors, Inc. is a US based company that designs, develops, manufactures and sells electric vehicles, electric vehicle powertrain components, and energy storage systems. The company was incorporated in July 2003 by Marc Tarpenning and Martin Eberhard. The company launched its IPO during 2010. Currently the company is listed at NASDAQ. Tesla Motors has wholly owned subsidiaries in North America, Europe and Asia. These subsidiaries market, manufacture, sell and/or serviceRead MoreTesla and Gm Proposed Merger9214 Words   |  37 PagesFINC 664W University of Redlands Capstone Paper General Motors and Tesla Merger Juan Carrillo, Shane Cheek, Jeffrey Haynes, and Peter Delacruz February 23, 2013 Dear Fellow Shareholders: A meeting of Shareholders is scheduled for Saturday, February 23, 2013. Enclosed is a copy of our proxy statement. At this meeting of shareholders, the Board of Directors will be seeking approval to acquire Tesla Motors. The Board of Directors believes that this merger will provide General MotorsRead MoreFive Tenets Of Management2546 Words   |  11 PagesNew United Motor Manufacturing, Inc. (NUMMI) plant that is located in Fremont, California. NUMMI was created in 1984 at the location of the former General Motors (GM) Fremont Assembly plant. The Fremont plant was opened in 1962, but by the early 1980’s it had become one of GM’s worst performers. GM closed the plant in 1982 due to the plant’s horrendous performance and because of the toxic relationship GM had with the workforce and the local United Auto Workers Union (UAW). It was common for the FremontRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited re production, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturersRead MoreTest Bank Hilton Herauf Modern Ad77200 Words   |  309 PagesDepartures from the Historical Cost Principle may be possible in other nations. Ans: A Difficulty: Easy Level of Learning: Knowledge Topic: LO 1 hz 2. Which of the following is/are LEAST likely to influence a country’s accounting standards? Taxation Policies. Differing Legal Systems. The currency used. Ties between countries. zle a. b. c. d. Ans: C Difficulty: Easy Level of Learning: Knowledge Topic: LO 1 d 3. If a country’s accounting income does not differ significantly from its taxable income

Accounting for Goodwill a Controversial Topic in Accounting

Abstract The aim of this short paper is targeted at broadening general understanding of the impact of accounting for goodwill in the Non-for-Profit environment based on its financial practicability and how a focus on the fair value of goodwill goes to the heart of the value of an Organization. Various amendments and new accounting rules; Enron and WorldCom misfortunes; Ponzi Schemes and other white collar financial frauds have brought about stricter governance and financial statement reporting responsibilities on organizations, including the government and non for profits organizations. The enactment of the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act; the GASB Statement 34; and the FASB No. 142 has been ways to improve how financial statements are prepared,†¦show more content†¦Goodwill Defined: Perspective of various regulatory bodies Goodwill being a controversial topic in Accounting has derived its definitions from various accounting bodies in us and overseas. The concept of goodwill has been around probably as long as formal accounting systems have been in place, going back probably to the Phoenicians. A variety of definitions of goodwill have evolved over the last two centuries. However, these attempts have been surprisingly unable to capture a comprehensive definition of the term once and for all and in all situations. (Valuing Intangible Assets, 1999, pg.7) Below are some of the definitions and descriptions of goodwill. 1. In earlier common practice in the United Kingdom, the British defined goodwill as the probability that an enterprise’s customers or patrons would continue to do business with it, and value its products and services above those available from other companies or purveyors. (Valuing Intangible Assets, 1999, pg. 7) 2. The American Heritage Dictionary defined goodwill as the positive reputation of a business viewed as an asset, equal to the excess cost required to acquire the business over the fair market value of all other assets. 3. The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) has described goodwill as all those intangibles and supporting assets that contribute to the advantage that an established business has over a comparable business that is about to be started—in other words, image,Show MoreRelatedChanges in treatment of goodwill due to IFRS 31152 Words   |  5 Pages Changes in treatment of goodwill due to IFRS 3 Paper On 19th November 2013 at the Berlin School of Economics and Law Study programme: Accounting and Controlling Matriculation year: 2013 Matriculation number: 412410 Semester: Winter semester Table of contents 1. 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The social and economic disparities between rural and...

The social and economic disparities between rural and urban communities in Australia are well recognized. Factors such as ageing populations, lack of employment opportunities and loss of services, are typical of rural Australia. Although it would appear that Australia is paying too little attention to all of these factors in the rural context, it is argued that, for many rural young people, their restricted access to tertiary education is a significant barrier to the development of a skilled knowledge-focused workforce in rural and remote regions of Australia. This essay delves into this area of research and seeks to answer the following question; how does geographical location affect successful educational outcomes for teen boys in†¦show more content†¦Defining successful educational outcomes- General education outcomes are the goals for learning and development upon which higher education programs are based. 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From the earliest times of man, women seemed to always be seen and treated as inferior, and certainly not equal. With the birth of the United States, and the wars that followed, the female population finally gained the confidence to voice their thoughts of their roles in society. The impact of the Revolutionary War, the Civil War, and the Progressive Era impacted the roles that women played in society in momentous ways because all three of these events were times of partial chaos with which came the more confident voices of women voicing their concerns about society’s views of them. The Revolutionary War was a time when thoughts and views were not as easily muted and, because of this, women, for the first time in history, took advantage of this and voiced their concerns verbally and through their actions such as Abigail Adams and the Sons and Daughters of Liberty. Due to similar unrest, the Civil War proved to be an exceedingly important time for women because they were able t o partake in a actions such as speaking out against slavery, filling male positions in factories, and even aiding wartime doctors. A final event that created arguably the most change for women is the early Progressive years and the spin off actions that followed such as the call for women’s votes, the rising leadership roles that they called for, and even their aiding of the poor and sick in places such as the Hull House. The Revolutionary War gave rise to a nation like none the world had seen before;

The Case to Keep Drugs Illegal Free Essays

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UK Oil Industry Essay Sample free essay sample

This assignment is prepared with the regard to the Module of â€Å"Business Environment. † I am assigned to fix a paper by our honest teachers Ellie Semsar to analyze the factors that influence and find the oil monetary value in UK oil industry. The study besides aims to supply how much and to what extent. Government policies influence oil monetary values in UK. Objective of the Assignment: This assignment has been prepared sing a figure of aims. The aims are: * Identify and measure the factors that influence and find the oil monetary value in UK oil industry. * Understand how and to what extent UK authorities policies make an impact on the oil monetary values. * To demo the analysis of the current oil monetary values and describe how the tendency goes. * To execute necessary analysis and present it with charts and tabular arraies from dependable beginnings. * To explicate the factors that influence supply and demand of oil monetary values in UK * To demo an apprehension of relevant economic rules. constructs and theories * Understand and use the chief techniques of economic analysis. Beginnings: Primary beginnings couldn’t be managed to fix this assignment. Secondary Beginnings have been used to do this study. Secondary information was collected from on-line diary. articles and the official web sites of Nestle. Some other beginnings that have been used to happen out the information are given on the Bibliography subdivision. Background of Oil industry in UKOil is one the most of import resources in the universe that controls every domains of human lives. Particularly in Developed states. oil seems to be most needed. Crude market oil are really much needed in different operations of developed states. with 84. 249. 000 barrels consumed globally each twenty-four hours as of 2009. ( Ross Lane. 2012 ) . Because of the oil supplies in UK. oil monetary values vary greatly from clip to clip. This assignment analyzes the current market state of affairs for oil monetary values in UK. This study identifies the factors that affect supply and demand of oil monetary values. how authorities statute law impact oil monetary value in UK. Detailed analysis of oil monetary values in UK over the old ages has been shown with proper graphs and tabular arraies. Graph of last three years’ place warming oil has been shown and the monetary value tendency has been analyzed. Besides how authorities policy influences oil monet ary values in UK has been analyzed. The standard economic theory of supply and demand has been related to the necessary scenario. Analysis of the Current Prices of Oil in UK:Oil monetary values in UK are in rise in January. 2013 after last 3 month of monetary value autumn. The monetary value of oil is lifting twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours. Price spread between Petrol and Diesel has widened from 5 lb to 8 lb in last four months. Diesel Price has fallen by 0. 06ppl from 140. 04ppl to 139. 08ppl. Northern Ireland has recorded the highest leadless oil monetary value at 133. 2ppl. Northern Ireland besides recorded highest rate for Diesel at 140. 6ppl in January. 2013. Yorkshire and Humberside and the northwest side have recorder their cheapest oil monetary value 139. 04ppl. The Automobile Association Limited. ( 2013 ) . Home warming Oil monetary values trends has shown fluctuations over recent old ages. Below. oil monetary values in last 3 old ages and I oil monetary values tendency from 2012 to 2013 is given: Figure 1. 1: United Kingdom Average Oil Price from 2012 to 2013. ( Boiler Juice Ltd. 2013 ) . The graph shows monetary values have been fluctuated up and down several times. In June. monetary values tend to be the lowest. 52ppl. In December monetary value was at its extremum 65ppl. Although in start of January 2013. monetary value tend to travel lower but now in February. place warming oil monetary values are once more traveling up to the extremum of 65ppl. To cognize more about the tendency of the oil monetary value fluctuation. oil monetary value tendency of last 3 old ages is given below: Figure1. 2: United Kingdom Average Oil Price from 2010 to 2013. ( Boiler Juice Ltd. 2013 ) . Figure 1. 2 shows place warming oil monetary values in UK for the last three old ages. The graph shows that after 2010. monetary values has increased up to 60-65ppl where before it was merely 40-50ppl. On start of 2011. monetary value has gone 70ppl which is the peak monetary value of this chart. Although monetary values have lowered. it is once more on rise up to the extremum in January. 2013. Retail monetary values of Petroleum oil: Retail monetary values of crude oil oil are increasing every twelvemonth. although there was a little interruption of monetary value lessening but in recent old ages its dorsum on rise. Harmonizing to UK Government functionary website’s publication Statistical Date set of Oil Petroleum merchandises: Annual monetary values of Petroleum merchandises from 2000 to 2013 are given below: Table 1. 1 Typical retail monetary values of crude oil merchandises ( 1 ) ( 5 ) 2000 to 2013United Kingdom| | Pence per liter|| Motor spirit| Diesel ( 2 ) | Standard grade| Gas| | | 2 star| 4 star/ LRP ( 4 ) | Super unleaded| Premium unleaded ( 6 ) | | combustion oil ( 3 ) | oil ( 3 ) | | 2000| January| | . . | 80. 84| 84. 15 | 75. 38 | 77. 75 | 17. 84 | 18. 15 | | 2001| January| | . . | 82. 19| 85. 06 | 76. 85 | 81. 63 | 19. 86 | 20. 46 | | 2002| January| | . . | 75. 94| 78. 48 | 69. 90 | 74. 65 | 14. 61 | 14. 71 | | 2003| January| | . . | 78. 15| 80. 47 | 74. 95 | 76. 38 | 17. 83 | 18. 63 | | 2004| January| | . . | 80. 04| 81. 49 | 76. 20 | 77. 92 | 18. 33 | 18. 95 | | 2005| January| | . . | 87. 16| 87. 43 | 78. 99 | 84. 15 | 22. 16 | 23. 99 | | 2006| January| | . . | . . | 94. 73 | 88. 84 | 93. 07 | 31. 58 | 33. 60 | | 2007| January| | . . | . . | 94. 80 | 86. 91 | 91. 44 | 30. 88 | 34. 03 | | 2008| January| | . . | . . | 110. 59 | 103. 71 | 108. 70 | 43. 90 | 51. 01 | | 2009| Jan uary| | . . | . . | 93. 30 | 86. 33 | 98. 74 | 36. 01 | 43. 83 | | 2010| January| | . . | . . | 118. 53 | 111. 49 | 113. 31 | 42. 49 | 50. 64 | | 2011| January| | . . | . . | 134. 83 | 127. 53 | 132. 08 | 55. 14 | 61. 90 | | 2012| January| | . . | . . | 140. 40 | 132. 89 | 141. 34 | 61. 04 | 70. 74 | | 2013| January p| . . | . . | . . | 132. 00 | 139. 68 | . . | . . | | **Source: Statistical informations set Oil and crude oil merchandises: one-year statistics. Open Government Licence. UK. ( 2013 ) . ( 1 ) The estimations are by and large representative of monetary values paid ( inclusive of revenue enhancements ) at the pump on or about the 15th of the month. Estimates are based on information provided by oil companies from 1977 until 1994. From January 1995 information from super/hypermarket ironss have been included. ( 2 ) From July 1999 Diesel monetary values represent mean monetary values for Ultra Low Sulphur Diesel which now accounts for virtually all Diesel sold. Pump monetary values for both Diesels are loosely the same. ( 3 ) Typical monetary values for bringings of up to 1. 000 liters of standard class combustion oil and between 2. 000 and 5. 000 liters of gas oil. Prior to 1977. monetary values were for bringings of 900 liters of standard class combustion oil and 2. 275 liters of gas oil. Since April 1994 monetary values include VAT at a rate of 8 % until September 1997 when the applicable rate was reduced to 5 % . ( 4 ) From October 1999 Four Star monetary values represent ‘Lead Replacement Petrol’ ( LRP ) which had replaced Four Star at 95 per cent of mercantile establishments at that clip. Leaded gasoline has now been phased out. Pump monetary values for both gasolines are loosely the same. The LRP series has been discontinued from September 2005 due to the low volume of gross revenues. ( 5 ) For rates of responsibility and VAT see Annex C.( 6 ) From April 2001. Premium unleaded monetary values represent Ultra Low Sulphur Petrol ( ULSP ) . which now accounts for virtually all Premium unleaded sold. The pump monetary values for both fuels were loosely the same. The Determinants of Oil Monetary values in United kingdom:Oil militias are limited and demand for this limited resource is being increased twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours. Besides high demand of planetary trade goods has led to the monetary value fluctuations of oil monetary values. Two major determiners of oil monetary values in UK are: * Supply A ; Demand * Market SentimentSupply A ; Demand:Supply and Demand of oil in UK is about same to the constructs of economic supply and demand of resource. As demand increases or supply lessenings. monetary values go up. As supply additions every bit good as Demand is relatively less. monetary value goes down. But in recent times. monetary values tend to be upper graduated table as supply is acquiring lower every twenty-four hours. But that is non all. The monetary value we see by and large set in the oil hereafter market. And oil hereafter contract is an understanding that provides the chance to one party to purchase oil at a antecedently fixed rate on a hereafter day of the month. Under a hereafter contract. both the purchaser and marketer are obliged to carry through their portion of their understanding. Future understandings are done by two types of future bargainers: * Hedgers * SpeculatorsHedger hereafter bargainers are the 1s who buys oil to guard possible oil monetary value rise. For illustration: An Airline Company. Speculators are the 1 who are supervising the monetary value tendency and have an purpose to purchase oil. But study says that merely 3 % of minutess are resulted from speculators. ( Paul Kosakowski. 2011 ) . Market Sentiment: The other of import factor that influence finding oil monetary value in UK is Market Sentiment. When people simply belief that oil monetary value is traveling to lift quickly sooner in the hereafter that will do a great demand for oil. Beside bargainers like Hedgers and Speculator are tend to move more dominantly in these state of affairss to minimise their hereafter losingss and maximise their net income. therefore doing an impact on the oil monetary value. Besides the mere belief that oil monetary value is traveling to be quickly reduced shortly can ensue in dramatic lessening of oil monetary value in the present since oil hereafter contracts are sold. ( Paul Kosakowski. 2011 ) . Other than the major facts. there are some other factors that affect oil monetary values in UK: Worsening Production: As domestic oil production is cut downing since 2007. the state needs to import oil to go on its economic system. As the sum of oil import additions. it generates higher force per unit area on the supply and increase the oil monetary value. Restrictive Legislature: If a Nation decides that it is restricting or censoring oil geographic expedition in an country where big sum of oil is stored. trade good market monetary value will confront the loss of new possible petroleum oil production into current oil production. Legislation restricting oil production will impact on oil monetary values to lift. ( Rich Finzer. 2012 ) . Political Agitation: Majority of the oil production comes from Middle East and Africa. Political instability of those states where most of the oil beginnings are situated and from there oil is acquired affects the oil monetary value in UK. NaturalCatastrophe: Natural and Manmade catastrophe causes terrible monetary value fluctuations for oil monetary value. Harmonizing to Kimberly Amadeo. ( 2012 ) . â€Å"Hurricane Katrina caused oil monetary values to raise $ 3 a barrel. and gas monetary values to make $ 5 a gallon in 2005. Katrina affected 19 % of the nation’s oil production. It came on the heels of Hurricane Rita. Between the two. 113 seaward oil and gas platforms were destroyed. and 457 oil and gas grapevines were damaged. † Factors Affecting Supply and Demand of Oil monetary values in United kingdom: Several factors affect the demand and supply of oil monetary values in UK. Among them some are major of import: * Increased ingestion of Oil:Consumption of oil has increased badly late. Oil demands are highest in the developed states. With more generated demand. and since supply is limited. monetary values tend to be on the rise all the clip. * Oil Militias: Monetary values of oil largely depend on oil militias of UK. With low oil militias. monetary values tend to be higher and with greater oil militias in the state. monetary value will be moderate or lower. Besides limitation on import influences the monetary values of oil in UK. * Exchange Rate: World exchange rate affect oil monetary value large clip. With diminishing value of GBP. oil monetary values will be higher. When oil monetary values addition. people have to number for more pence than earlier due to loss of value of currency. * Guess: Other than physical supply of oil militias. fiscal market besides has the influence to impact oil monetary values through guess. Future bargainers influence oil monetary value more instead than them who are presently administering. ( Ross Lane. 2012 ) . Government Policies to act upon Oil Price in UK:Government policies greatly influence oil monetary values in UK. Transport Secretary Justine Greening has asked oil retail merchants in UK to level up their codification of behavior ; otherwise necessary measure will be taken. The authorities will take statute law if necessary. Harmonizing to Justine Greening: â€Å"Petrol monetary values travel up immediately when sweeping monetary values rise. but when sweeping monetary values autumn. it can take hebdomads for them to come down once more. I want companies to come up with their ain program every bit shortly as possible – and I’m speaking yearss and hebdomads. non months. That manner we can acquire monetary values down faster. instead than holding to go through time-consuming statute law. But we will surely make that if we have to. † ( The Telegraph. 2012 ) When policy is strong or doing the oil companies go for monetary value decrease. the companies have to stay by the authorities statute law. The AA president Edmund King Said: The AA supports a move towards transparence on fuel monetary values. However. with record monetary values cutting gross revenues by 5 % last twelvemonth and 76 % of AA members cutting back on auto usage. other household disbursement or both. ordinance has to stay an option. † ( The Telegraph. 2012 ) Decision:The study is prepared to analyse the consequence of Oil monetary value in UK market. to find what are the factors that affect supply and demand of oil monetary values. how authorities statute law consequence oil monetary value in UK. Detailed analysis of oil monetary values in UK over the old ages has been shown with proper graphs and tabular arraies. Graph of last three years’ place warming oil has been shown and the monetary value tendency has been analyzed. Retail monetary values of crude oil oil are increasing every twelvemonth. although there was a little interruption of monetary value lessening but in recent old ages its dorsum on rise. Harmonizing to UK Government functionary website’s publication Statistical Date set of Oil Petroleum merchandises: Annual monetary values of Petroleum merchandises from 2000 to 2013 have been shown in this study. Two determiners of oil monetary value have been identified in this study. One is supply and demand and other is market sentiment. Supply and Demand of oil in UK is about same to the constructs of economic supply and demand of resource. As demand increases or supply lessenings. monetary values go up. As supply additions every bit good as Demand is relatively less. monetary value goes down. But in recent times. monetary values tend to be upper graduated table as supply is acquiring lower every twenty-four hours. But that is non all. The monetary value we see by and large set in the oil hereafter market. And oil hereafter contract is an understanding that provides the chance to one party to purchase oil at a antecedently fixed rate on a hereafter day of the month. The other of import factor that influence finding oil monetary value in UK is Market Sentiment. When people simply belief that oil monetary value is traveling to lift quickly sooner in the hereafter that will do a great demand for oil. Exchange rates. increased ingestion of oil. and limited oil modesty has strong function in act uponing monetary value of oil. Consumption of oil has increased badly late. Oil demands are highest in the developed states. With more generated demand. and since supply is limited. monetary value s tend to be on the rise all the clip. Monetary values of oil largely depend on oil militias of UK. With low oil militias. monetary values tend to be higher and with greater oil militias in the state. monetary value will be moderate or lower. Besides limitation on import influences the monetary values of oil in UK. Role of authorities policies besides has been included in this study. Bibliography: The Automobile Association Limited. ( 2013 ) . Fuel monetary value study. UK A ; abroad monetary values – January 2013. Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. theaa. com/motoring_advice/fuel/ . Last accessed 6th February. 2013. Boiler Juice Ltd. ( 2013 ) . Home Heating Oil Prices. Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. boilerjuice. com/heatingOilPrices. php. Last accessed 6th February. 2013. Paul Kosakowski. ( 2011 ) . What Determines Oil Monetary values? . Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. investopedia. com/articles/economics/08/determining-oil-prices. asp # axzz2K74EfmGA. Last accessed 9th February. 2013. Open Government Licence. UK. ( 2013 ) . Statistical information set Oil and crude oil merchandises: one-year statistics. Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. gov. uk/government/statistical-data-sets/oil-and-petroleum-products-annual-statistics. Last accessed 9th February. 2013. Rich Finzer. ( 2012 ) . Factors That Affect Oil Price. Av ailable: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. ehow. com/list_6696635_factors-affect-oil-price. hypertext markup language. Last accessed 9th February. 2013. Ross Lane. ( 2012 ) . Factors Affecting Demand amp ; Supply of Oil Prices. Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. ehow. com/info_8621442_factors-demand-supply-oil-prices. hypertext markup language. Last accessed tenth February. 2013. Kimberly Amadeo. ( 2012 ) . How Are Oil Monetary values Determined? . Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //useconomy. about. com/od/commoditiesmarketfaq/f/oil_prices. htm. Last accessed tenth February. 2013. The Telegraph. ( 2012 ) . Government warns

Properties and Modern Application of Engineering Materials

Question: Describe about the Report for Properties and Modern Application of Engineering Materials. Answer: Introduction Engineering materials are imperative in everyday life owing to their versatile structural characteristics. Other than their characteristics, they do play a significant role due to their physical characteristics. The prime physical properties of the commonly utilized engineering materials include electrical, thermal, magnetic, and optical properties as discussed in the report. This is a report on the properties of materials and the influence they have on their use and application in modern engineering. The report includes mechanical, electrical, optical, thermal, and alloying properties and the pros and cons of each, giving examples in each case. Properties and modern application of engineering materials Mechanical properties of materials These are those proprties that determine the mechanical strength of a material and its ability to be molded in appropriate shape. Some of the common mechanical properties include strength, hardenability, ductility,creepand, slip resilience, brittleness, malleability, toughness, hardness, and fatigue (Kakani, Kakani, 2004). Strength It is the materials characteristic that its tendency to deform or undergo breakdown when an external force or load is applied. The material to be considered as for any engineering product should have an appropriate mechanical strength to be able to bear varying mechanical loads and forces. Toughness This is the capability of an enginerring material to absorb and withstand the applied energy and undergo plastic deformation without experiencsing any fracture. The numerical value of toughness is estimated by the value of energy in a unit volume measured in J/ m3. Also, the value of a meterials toughness can be estimated by stress-strain properties of the material. For any material to possess desirable toughnes,it should possess suitable ductility and strength. For instance, brittle materials that possess excellent strength but undesirable ductility do not have desirable toughness. On the other hand, materials that have excellent ductility but undesirable strength similarly do not possess desirable toughness. Thus, for a meterial to be tough, it should be able to withstand both elevated stress and strain (Wigley, 2012). Modern engineering applications Ceramics have gained versatile application in the field of engineering. Products made using technical ceramics are renown components in the construction and control of complicated plants, machinery, and equipment that require electro-technical component assemblies (Munz, Fett, 2013). Common examples are sensors in the automotive engineering industry or in the furnace/ kiln engineering. Others are the vacuum chambers of actuators in motion detectors. Pros Ceramics, owing to their brittleness, have either covalent or ionic bonds. One advantage is that such bonds are stronger than the metallic bonds. Cons The challenge though, is that ceramics possess significantly elevated chances of failure occurrence and are therefore, susceptible to cracking before attaining the desired yield stress. Electrical properties of materials The electrical purpose of a material influences the choice of an engineering material for its electrical characteristics. An engineering material is can either be used as an electrical conductor or insulator. The implication is that a given material can be classified as a superconductor or a semiconductor. The conductivity of an engineering material determines its ability to allow for the flow of electric charges (Tomkins, Wareing, 2013). The dielectric properties of materials One of the electrical properties of an engineering material is termed as its dielectric strength. A dielectric engineering material has the capacity of storing energy if an external electric field flows across it. There can be abrupt excitation of significant quantity of electrons to the energies found within the specified conduction bandwidth when enormously elevated electric field flows through a dielectric material (William, Smith Hashemi, 2011). As a result, there can be significant rise in the motion of the electrons that can lead to focalized vaporization, combustion and melting that overwhelmingly degrades the engineering material or makes it to fail (Soibam, Sanatombi, 2014). The occurrence called dielectric strength or sometimes known to as dielectric breakdown is experienced. Capacitance In a capacitor, a unit plate of a capacitor acquires positive charges in the event that a voltage V flows through it while another one acquires negative charges. The resultant electric field moves from the positive to the negative respectively. To facilitate the computation of the capacitance C, an expression that is commonly employed is C=Q/V where Q = the quantity of charged stored on either plates of the capacitor and V in the applied voltage flowing through the capacitor. Its units are in coulombs per volt (Farads), F. Modern engineering applications Electricity Transmission: cables such as copper and aluminum wire are widely used for power transmission. Storage of charge: capacitors are used in electronic appliances to store electric charges. Insulation: poor electrical conductors such as rubber and plastic are used as insulators, for example, as handles of appliances. Current regulation: materials with high resistance such as metal oxides are widely used to control the amount of current flowing in electrical appliances. Pros Malleability: electrical materials such as aluminum are highly malleable and can be forged into different shapes Ductility: electrical materials such as copper can be drawn into wires of different dimensions. Cons High costs: copper cables are quite expensive and therefore, require high initial cost of investment. Heavy: electrical materials such as copper are heavy and are therefore, difficult to transport from one point to another compared to optical materials such as optical fiber. Corrosion: electrical materials such as aluminum are susceptible to corrosion and therefore, require constant replacement. Optical properties of materials Optical property of an engineering material is associated with its interaction with electromagnetic radiation. Such radiation may have properties that fall within or outside the visible light spectrum (Tilleman, 2010). Signal transmission via a metallic cable conductor is electronic, while in fibers it is via photons. This aids in faster transmission at great densities to longer distances with decreased error rate. One of the greatest examples of optical engineering materials is optical fiber that forms the backbone of the communication systems today. The coaxial cable transmits the signals, whereas the cladding constricts the light beam to the coaxial cable. The outer outer coating guards the coaxial cable and cladding from the peripheral environment. Optical fiber employs the theorem of total internal reflectance. Characteristically, both the coaxial cable and cladding are manufactured using out of the ordinary types of glass with circumspectly regulated indices of refraction. Modern engineering applications Telecommunication: there are many uses of optical fibers in telecommunication such as universal networks to desktop computers for the broadcast of data, voice, or video over a given distance. For example, old telephone service (POTS) and Local exchange carriers (LECs) (Tilley, 2010). Data transmission: Multinational companies require secure, trustworthy mechanisms to convey data and financial data between premises to the desktop computers or terminals and to transmit data across the globe (Callister, Rethwisch, 2007). Transportation systems: fiber-optic-oriented telemetry mechanisms is employed in intelligent transportation mechanisms like smart highways coupled with intelligent traffic lights, automatic tollbooths, and convertible message signs. Biomedical industry: Fiber-optic schemes are applied in the majortiy of contemporary telemedicine dagdets for transmiting digital diagnostic images. The additional uses include space, military, motorvehicle, and the manufacturing sector. Pros Size and weight: the optical fibers are light in weight with small coaxial diameter. This helps during the rolling out process over long distances. Signal reliability: there is minimal electromagnetic interference in the case of optical signals thus; they can travel over comparatively longer distances. Bandwidth capacity: a lot of information can be carried out by the optical signals compared to the electrical ones. Cons Switching: there is poor traffic switching even though there is increased data transmission efficiency in the case of point-to-point transmission. Physical constraints: the coaxial cables cannot withstand extreme bending and are susceptible to losing some light transmission characteristics. Cost per user: the cost of deploying optical fibers to homes and points of consumption is comparatively higher. Thermal properties of materials Different engineering materials have different thermal properties since they react differently when exposed to different degrees of temperature. For example, aluminum oxide occurs due to high quantities of negative energy and this renders it a desirable refractory engineering material that possesses suitable chemical stability. Such a fact explains its occurrence in high temperate regions. The thermal conductivity of aluminum oxide (determined in W/mK) is its ability to conduct heat (Chawla, 2012). This characteristic of aluminum oxide explains the level at which transmission of thermal energy occurs through it. Due to its relatively elevated thermal conductivity, the oxide has a broad range of applications since it is a high temperature engineering material in the modern world of engineering. The thermal expansion coefficient of this oxide is relatively low and this enables it to be applied in many systems that involve high temperatures (Callister, Rethwisch, 2012). The engineering materials that possess microstructures and great thermal expansion coefficient are prone to temperature-induced failures of systems. This condition occurs as a result of the microstructures random orientation that makes it to expand and contract by differing quantities in many directions. Modern engineering applications Insulation: materials that possess bad thermal properties such as cork, rubber are widely used as handles of heating and electrical appliances such as electric kettles. Heating: materials with good thermal properties such as aluminum are widely used for heating, cooking, and other heat-related applications such the manufacture of soldering bits. Cons Materials with poor thermal conductivity lead to high power consumption when put under uses that require heating such as cooking. Pros Good thermal conductors have versatile range of applications such as the manufacture of electrical and heating appliances like iron boxes, cookers, and electric coils. Alloying properties of materials Small quantities of alloying elements are frequently added to metals to improve some specific properties of the metals. Alloying can improve or lower the strength, corrosion resistance, hardness, electrical and thermal conductivity, or alter the color of a given engineering metal. The introduction of an element to improve one characteristic may have unwanted effects on other characteristics. Strength Copper metal often undergoes a common procedure called solid solution strengthening. Little amounts of an alloying element introduced to molten copper will entirely dissolve and result to a single phase of homogeneous microstructure. Sometimes, additional quantities of the alloying substance will not dissolve. Therefore, the exact quantity relies on the solid solubility of the specific element in copper metal. When that particular solid solubility limit is surpassed, two distinct microstructures result, with varying compositions and hardness (Luque, Hegedus, 2011). A non-alloyed copper is comparatively in regard to common structural metals. A metal alloy with tin mixed with copper is calledbronze. The resultant alloy is stronger and harder compared to either of the two unalloyed metals. The same applies to zinc alloyed with copper to result to brass. Electrical and Thermal Conductivity The most effective method of improving the electrical and thermal conductivity of copper is to reduce the impurity levels. The presence of impurities and other common alloying components will lessen the electrical and thermal conductivity of copper, except for silver. As the quantity of the alloying element rises, the electrical conductivity of the alloy declines (Provatas, Elder, 2011). On the other hand, Cadmium has the nominal effect on resulting alloy's electrical conductivity. Others include zinc, tin, nickel, aluminum, silicon, manganese, and phosphorus. Color Unalloyed copper possesses a reddish-gold color that rapidly oxides to dull green. Given that copper has natural impurities or can undergo alloying with over one additive, it is difficult to establish the particular effect each alloying substance has on the color of the resulting alloy. For instance, electrolytic tough pitch copper has traces of silver, iron, and sulfur and possesses a soft pink color (Kalpakjian, Schmid, 2014). In addition, gilding copper has a reddish-brown color and has traces of zinc, iron, and lead. Modern engineering applications Oxidation: Silicon can be used in place of phosphorus to deoxidate copper when conductivity is of critical concern. Phosphorus is mostly used to deoxidize copper in order to improve its hardness and strength, but critically interferes with its conductivity (Rudin, Choi, 2012). Ornamental applications: Brass alloy is commonly employed for ornamental purposes owing to its similarity with gold in terms of appearance. Pros The figure below summarizes the application and importance of alloying metals with different metal traces. Cons Reduced properties: Unalloyed copper is a good conductor of electrical current and heat compared to the alloyed type. Even though various mechanisms are engraved in thermal conductivity, the introduction of rising amounts of elements or impurities also leads to a decline in thermal conductivity (Park, 2012). For instance, Zinc causes an insignificant effect on the thermal conductivity of copper. Conclusion In conclusion, engineering materials are vital in everyday life owing to their flexible structural characteristics. Other than their features, they do play a significant role in the manufacturing industry such as die-casting, forging, annealing, and ordinary casting due to their physical characteristics. The primary physical characteristics of the commonly utilized engineering materials include electrical, thermal, magnetic, and optical properties. References List Callister, W. and Rethwisch, D. (2007).Materials science and engineering: an introduction, 7, pp. 665-715, New York, Wiley. Callister, W. and Rethwisch, D. (2012).Fundamentals of materials science and engineering: an integrated approach. John Wiley Sons. Chawla, K. (2012).Composite materials: science and engineering. Springer Science Business Media. Kakani, S. and Kakani, A. (2004). Material science. New Delhi: New Age International. Kalpakjian, S. and Schmid, S. (2014). Manufacturing Processes for Engineering Materials5th Edition.agenda,12, p. 1. Luque, A. and Hegedus, S. ( 2011).Handbook of photovoltaic science and engineering. John Wiley Sons. Munz, D. and Fett, T. (2013).Ceramics: mechanical properties, failure behaviour, materials selection, 36, Springer Science Business Media. Park, J. (2012).Biomaterials science and engineering. Springer Science Business Media. Provatas, N. and Elder, K. (2011).Phase-field methods in materials science and engineering. John Wiley Sons. Rudin, A. and Choi, P. (2012).The Elements of Polymer Science Engineering. Academic Press. Soibam, I. and Sanatombi, S. (2014). Dielectric Studies of Single and Double Sintered Ni Substituted Li-Zn Ferrite.American Journal of Materials Science and Engineering,2(3), pp. 42-44. Tilleman, M. (2010). Analysis of temperature and thermo-optical properties in optical materials. 1: Cylindrical geometry. Optical Materials, 33(1), pp. 48-57. Tilley, R. (2010).Colour and the optical properties of materials: an exploration of the relationship between light, the optical properties of materials and colour. John Wiley Sons. Tomkins, B. and Wareing, J. (2013). Elevated-temperature fatigue interactions in engineering materials.Metal Science. Wigley, D. (2012).Mechanical properties of materials at low temperatures. Springer Science Business Media. William F., Smith and Hashemi, J. (2011).Foundations of materials science and engineering. McGraw-Hill.

A Guide on How to Write a Great Video Game Story

A Guide on How to Write a Great Video Game Story If you love video games because this is a great and innovative way to tell a story, then you must be wondering how people write them. Even beyond the difficulties connected with game developing, this medium looks pretty complicated. However, writing a script is not that difficult, if you don’t have the ambition to write a 100+ hour game. Like any other narrative, a game script highly depends on the approach you take. In this post we will discuss the entire process and character building, so you will get some basic notion of game script writing. What makes a good story in a game? There is a number of features that make a good game – the interactivity, the universe, the mechanics. And what about the storytelling? There is no specific formula for an effective narrative in any storytelling medium. It doesn’t depend on one audience’s preferences too much, because some gamers like the exploration and quests, while the others are found of combat. However, there is one common element for all types of games – the dynamic connected with a player-character. The dynamic dictates that a character and a player are one and a character cannot do something that a player wouldn’t. This is why gamers prefer games over movies – they want to feel the control over the story. This means that a player cannot experience the moment when he thinks, â€Å"There is no way my character can do this.† A good plot keeps the balance here. Of course, characters have some traits that are unlike the players, however, there is no chance that a character may speak or know about some unfamiliar things that took place in the past. By the way, this is the reason why so many games start with the character’s amnesia. The other important feature is interactivity, which gives a player the right of choice. In some games, this is a choice between watching a TV or doing dishes, while the in the others this choice is connected with the entire world. How to write a video game script? Decide the main storyline and make an outline If you have different ending ideas and want to include them in your story, you have to outline the main line first. Despite all the possible endings, a player has to go through the listing of them and make a decision. Of course, if you are writing a story with a single ending, then the major line is much easier to create. In any case, an outline is absolutely crucial to compose. What kind of game is it? If you think that game’s mechanics is not something a writer should care about, then you are wrong. So you should decide what kind of game it is: Role-playingActionPuzzlesFirst-person shooter These are the basic types, of course. Don’t forget about the hybrids! The universe development In most cases, the universe of the game is even more important than a character. Don’t forget that a player will view the world more than a character, even if it is a third-person game. The game’s universe deeply depends on the way the player perceives the character development. It means that the universe’s culture and lore depend on how much your character can explore. Create the main characters Once you have decided the main structure of the universe, you have to create the main character and the prominent ones, such as his companions and villains. Creating a video game character is similar to creating a character of any other story until you include the possibilities that may change character’s behavior. The story’s flow When you have your characters and the main line, you will have to create the deviations of the story as well as any changes that can emerge. Also, this includes developing any side quests that will complement the main flow. Elements that may fill your story out Non-playable characters These are the characters a player can communicate with. Sometimes, they may tell jokes, give some hints or reveal information about the game’s world. Side quests Players usually love the side quests that sprinkle throughout the world. They don’t have to affect the main plot too much but can contribute to the mission’s success. Items In addition to some obvious things like armor and weapons, you may also add letters, notes and other small clues that may help your player to complete the quest. When it comes to the additional items, only the sky is a limit, so be creative! Of course, there are other details in every game script, but these most common ones will give you a good start. So, tinker with them the way you want and most important – have fun!

Books About African American Women and Feminist Theory

Books About African American Women and Feminist Theory Feminism in the 1960s and 1970s made a difference in the life of women in the United States, but the womens movement is often remembered as being too white. Many black feminists responded to the womens liberation movement and the cries of sisterhood with writings that critically analyzed the second wave of feminism or provided missing pieces of the puzzle. Here is a list of five important books about African-American feminism: Ain’t I a Woman: Black Women and Feminism by bell hooks (1981)The important feminist writer bell hooks responds to racism in the second-wave feminist movement and sexism in the Civil Rights movement. All the Women Are White, All the Blacks Are Men, But Some of Us Are Brave edited by Gloria T. Hull, Patricia Bell Scott and Barbara Smith   (1982)Racism, the feminist â€Å"sisterhood,† myths about women, Black consciousness, history, literature and theory combine in this interdisciplinary anthology. In Search of Our Mothers’ Gardens: Womanist Prose by Alice Walker (1983)A collection of nearly 20 years of Alice Walkers writing about the civil rights and peace movements, feminist theory, families, white society, black writers and the â€Å"womanist† tradition. Sister Outsider: Essays and Speeches by Audre Lorde (1984)An eye-opening collection about feminism, transformation, anger, sexism and identity from the marvelous poet Audre Lorde. Words of Fire: An Ant hology of African-American Feminist Thought edited by Beverly Guy-Sheftall   (1995)This collection includes the philosophies of black women from the 1830s through the turn of the 21st century. Sojourner Truth, Ida Wells-Barnett, Angela Davis, Pauli Murray and Alice Walker are just a few of the writers included.